Age-related macular degeneration: lifestyle and nutrition

Lifestyle and diet, as now reported by several studies, can influence the onset and/or progression of certain diseases, especially age-related diseases.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a disease that occurs as a result of impaired function of the central part of the retina, the macula, impairing the vision and quality of life of the affected person.

Preventing this disease, however, is possible by intervening on certain risk factors, such as lifestyle and diet.

Lifestyle

Lifestyle, in general, involves adopting certain healthy 'rules' that can benefit our bodies. In particular, as with the prevention of many other diseases, the Experts recommend the following for AMD the immediate elimination of cigarette smoking. Several studies have, in fact, shown that cigarette smoking is among the major risk factors for the onset of AMD because the toxins contained in tobacco activate oxidative stress mechanisms that are harmful to the body. 

In addition, practising moderate or intense physical activity depending on the body's overall condition, helps to expel excess toxins, thus contributing not only to a decrease in the risk of the onset of age-related diseases, but also to a slowdown in their progression for those already suffering from them. Finally, one should limit exposure to ultraviolet raysespecially during peak sunshine hours. UV rays should be adequately shielded through the use of solar lenses.

Power supply

There are numerous foods containing nutritional micronutrients that are able to support the prevention or slowing down of the progression of AMD towards advanced stages. In particular, scientific evidence shows that anthocyanins, contained in high concentrations in blueberries, contribute to retinal health inhibiting the production of free radicals.

Positive effects have also been demonstrated for the lutetin and zeaxanthintwo important antioxidants. In addition to these, vitamins A and C, carotenoids and selenium protect the macular area. Therefore, the consumption of fruit, vegetables and a healthy, balanced diet in general is essential for the prevention of AMD.

Bibliography:

Kim et al.  Associations between fruit and vegetable, and antioxidant nutrient intake and age-related macular degeneration by smoking status in elderly Korean men. Nutrition Journal (2017) 16:77

Dr. Carmelo Chines
Direttore responsabile